All forms of weight-loss surgery are major procedures that can lead to weight loss and bring multiple benefits but also pose serious risks and side effects. With bariatric surgery, because volume of food intake is reduced overall, nutritional deficiencies may occur. With procedures that induce malabsorption, these alterations in the intestinal tract create challenges to maintaining healthy levels of certain nutrients including protein, vitamins, and minerals. There may be deficiencies in levels of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K, as well as minerals such as calcium, thiamine, and iron. In addition to this, there may be other complications including nausea and vomiting, dumping syndrome (rapid emptying of sugars or carbohydrates from the gastric pouch into the small intestine which causes the release of hormones that effect blood pressure, heart rate, skin flushing and intestinal transit, leading to a light-headed, rapid heart rate and flushing sensation often accompanied by diarrhea), gallstone formation, and constipation.